Power Supply

A **Power Supply Unit (PSU)** is the component that converts **AC (Alternating Current)** electricity from the wall outlet into stable **DC (Direct Current)** voltages required by a computer's internal components. It provides regulated power to the motherboard, CPU, graphics card (GPU), storage drives, cooling fans, and other peripherals while protecting them from electrical faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuits, and overheating. A high-quality power supply ensures stable voltage delivery under varying workloads, improves system reliability, reduces electrical noise, and can increase the lifespan of sensitive hardware. Modern PSUs are available in different wattage ratings, efficiency levels (such as **80 PLUS Bronze, Gold, Platinum, and Titanium**), and form factors. Modular and semi-modular designs also improve cable management and airflow inside the PC case. **Key functions of a PSU:** * Converts **100–240V AC** wall power into **3.3V, 5V, and 12V DC** outputs. * Supplies stable power to all computer components. * Protects hardware with safety features such as OVP, UVP, OCP, SCP, OTP, and OPP. * Improves energy efficiency and reduces heat generation. * Supports high-performance CPUs and GPUs through dedicated PCIe power connectors. For gaming and workstation PCs, choosing a reputable PSU with sufficient wattage and an **80 PLUS Gold** (or higher) efficiency rating is recommended to ensure stable operation and future upgrade compatibility.